This article provides an in-depth analysis of the debt-paying ability of a certain energy company, revealing significant issues such as a persistently high debt-to-asset ratio, short-term debt repayment indicators that fall below industry safety thresholds, an imbalance between debt maturity structure and capital ratio, and unstable cash flow. These problems have heightened the company’s financial risks, increased financing costs, and caused potential fluctuations in credit ratings, thereby constraining business expansion and diminishing market competitiveness. To address these challenges, the paper proposes several countermeasures: strengthening dynamic monitoring of liquidity and asset realization efficiency, optimizing the debt-to-equity ratio and the mix of financing tools, rigorously controlling financial leverage costs and operating expenses, and establishing a cash reserve redundancy and emergency response mechanism. The overarching goal is to systematically enhance financial flexibility, help the enterprise build a robust risk barrier amid the energy transition, and achieve high-quality development.